Republicans Donald Trump Democrats Congress
  See $$$ From Your Zip Code $10,618,476,973 in Contributions for 2020 Election
Home | Money Search | Top 25 Candidates | Election News | About
Data Updated on 7/11/2020

Michele Bachmann
United States House of Representatives (Congress)
Political Campaign Contributions
Campaign Finance Information
'12 Election Cycle


Election Cycles:
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 
Candidate Information

Download all of the 2012 Individual Contribution Records for this Candidate
to a Spreadsheet or Other File Type
Candidate NameMichele Bachmann
Contributions Received
(click on $ amounts for details)
$25,514,918 Total Money Receipts
$3,099,415 From Individuals
(Amounts over $200)
$241,600 From Political Action Committees
$0 From Indian Tribes
$0Self-Funded
Office Running ForUnited States House of Representatives (Congress)
StateMinnesota (MN)
PartyRepublican
Election Year'12
District06
Campaign AddressPO BOX 25950
WOODBURY, MN  551250950
Candidate Committee Michelebachmann.Com

Download all of the 2012 Individual Contribution Records for this Candidate
to a Spreadsheet or Other File Type

Campaign Contribution Totals/Summary as of 11/26/2012
Category$ Dollar Amount
Cash on Hand$2,223,873
Total Money Receipts$25,514,918
Total Individual Contributions$21,589,512
Total Disbursements$25,151,522
Loans From Candidate$0
Other Loans$0
Candidate Loan Repayments$0
Debts Owed By$169,558
Refunds to Individuals$97,854
Refunds to Committees$0
Contributions from Other Political Committees$253,240
Contributions from Party Committees$5,200

Contributions From Individuals by State (contribution amounts of $200 or more)

Download all of the 2012 Individual Contribution Records for this Candidate to a Spreadsheet or Other File Type
StateContribution
Count
Contribution
$ Amount
Percent
of Total
Minnesota 863$492,58215.89%
California 928$391,09012.62%
Texas 735$370,83311.96%
Florida 492$300,1469.68%
New York 201$92,7982.99%
Colorado 150$87,8702.84%
Ohio 173$87,6382.83%
Illinois 200$83,0232.68%
Virginia 171$75,2272.43%
Pennsylvania 183$75,1782.43%
Arizona 152$68,2862.20%
Michigan 153$67,9302.19%
Washington 145$63,0932.04%
Georgia 131$50,1591.62%
Maryland 117$49,4291.59%
Missouri 108$45,9911.48%
Wisconsin 99$44,5221.44%
Tennessee 113$42,7231.38%
New Jersey 120$41,4801.34%
Louisiana 97$40,6521.31%
Kansas 82$39,9551.29%
Alabama 89$35,0291.13%
North Carolina 101$34,7621.12%
Indiana 83$32,8461.06%
Nevada 56$32,1521.04%
Connecticut 75$31,9771.03%
Oklahoma 71$27,1970.88%
Iowa 55$26,4290.85%
Massachusetts 57$26,2770.85%
Oregon 63$21,9600.71%
South Carolina 53$20,7510.67%
Arkansas 43$19,6120.63%
North Dakota 40$17,3510.56%
New Mexico 40$16,5250.53%
Kentucky 28$16,1520.52%
Nebraska 41$15,2900.49%
Montana 21$13,5510.44%
Hawaii 27$12,4510.40%
Mississippi 30$11,5850.37%
Wyoming 26$11,0210.36%
South Dakota 19$10,0500.32%
Utah 20$9,1000.29%
Maine 17$6,9500.22%
New Hampshire 22$6,5010.21%
Vermont 9$5,4510.18%
Rhode Island 10$5,2500.17%
Idaho 18$4,8000.15%
Alaska 14$4,5000.15%
West Virginia 11$3,8000.12%
Delaware 9$3,6000.12%
District Of Columbia 9$3,4500.11%
Guam 4$1,7500.06%
Puerto Rico 3$7500.02%

Contributions From Poltical Action Committees
Committee Interest Group TypeContribution
Count
Contribution
$ Amount
Percent
of Total
Corporation29$58,500 24.21%
Labor0$0 0.00%
Non-Connected48$69,300 28.68%
Trade/Memership/Health14$30,000 12.42%
Cooperative4$8,500 3.52%
Corp.w/o Capital Stock12$32,600 13.49%
Other25$42,700 17.67%
Click Here for the entire list of committees supporting this candidate in '12

Contributions From Indian Tribes
Indian Tribe/
Location
Contribution
$ Amount
Primary/
General
Date
None Yet Reported/Available

Top 150 Donors/Individual Financial Contributors (contribution amounts of $200 or more)

Download All of the '12 Individual Contribution Records for this Candidate to a Spreadsheet or Other File Type
Name/
Location
Employer/
Occupation
Contribution
$ Amount
Primary/
General
Date
BUNN, JEANETTE
RANCHO SANTA FE, CA
92067
None/Homemaker$5,000 P02/07/2011
MEEHAN, PAULA
BEVERLY HILLS, CA
90210
Kenquest, Inc./Executive$5,000 G09/28/2012
KOCH, BARBARA
MINNEAPOLIS, MN
55441
None/Retired$5,000 G10/01/2012
ANDERSON, RAYMOND E.
ENGLEWOOD, CO
80111
Seakr Engineering/President$5,000 G10/17/2012
BAUKOL, GAY LYNN
MAHTOMEDI, MN
55115
None/Homemaker$4,800 P02/24/2011
ANDERSON, RAYMOND E.
ENGLEWOOD, CO
80111
Seakr Engineering/President$3,000 G10/05/2012
DRISCOLL, ELIZABETH S.
SAINT PAUL, MN
55118
None/Homemaker$2,500 P01/31/2011
BUNN, JEANETTE
RANCHO SANTA FE, CA
92067
None/Homemaker$2,500 G02/07/2011
HOFFMAN, ANN
WACONIA, MN
55387
None/Homemaker$2,500 P02/08/2011
HOFFMAN, NORMAN
WACONIA, MN
55387
None/Retired$2,500 G02/08/2011
COOPER, WILLIAM H
MINNEAPOLIS, MN
55402
Tcf Financial Corp/Ceo$2,500 P02/11/2011
LEE, RICHARD
ORLANDO, FL
32802
Famlee Investment Co/Ceo$2,500 P02/11/2011
EVENSTAD, GRACE
WAYZATA, MN
55391
None/None$2,500 P03/02/2011
EVENSTAD, GRACE
WAYZATA, MN
55391
None/None$2,500 G03/02/2011
EVENSTAD, KEN
MAPLE GROVE, MN
55369
Smith Laboratories/Ceo$2,500 P03/02/2011
EVENSTAD, KEN
MAPLE GROVE, MN
55369
Smith Laboratories/Ceo$2,500 G03/02/2011
BENSON, DONALD
WAYZATA, MN
55391
Marquette Financial Companies/Banker$2,500 P03/15/2011
MUMFORD, JOHN
SYRACUSE, NY
13205
None/Retired$2,500 P03/25/2011
QUILHOT, JEANETTE S.
ROANOKE, IN
46783
Retired/Retired$2,500 P03/25/2011
ALLEN, JOHN N
NAPLES, FL
34102
Self/Real Estate Investor$2,500 P03/29/2011
BUNN, DANIEL R R
RANCHO SANTA FE, CA
92067
Carbun Concepts, Inc./Business Consultant$2,500 G03/29/2011
CAMERON, JEFFERY
NAPLES, FL
34102
Information Requested$2,500 P03/29/2011
SUTTON, JENNY
NAPLES, FL
34102
Self Employed/Investor$2,500 P03/29/2011
SUTTON, KERMIT
NAPLES, FL
34102
Self Employed/Investor$2,500 G03/29/2011
SUTTON, KERMIT
NAPLES, FL
34102
Self Employed/Investor$2,500 P03/29/2011
CHRISTY, ALLEN
MINNETONKA, MN
55305
Makchall Crounse & Moore/Attorney$2,500 P03/30/2011
FOGG, LESLIE
NAPLES, FL
34102
None/Retired$2,500 P03/30/2011
FRITZ, ERIC R
ROMULUS, MI
48174
Fritz Enterprises/Executive Vp$2,500 P03/30/2011
GILARDI, PAMELA
NEW SMYRNA BEACH, FL
32169
Retired/Retired$2,500 P03/30/2011
LINDEMANN, GEORGE L
PALM BEACH, FL
33480
Retired/Retired$2,500 P03/30/2011
TAYLOR, JESSICA
HUMBLE, TX
77338
Penn Companies/Healthcare$2,500 P03/30/2011
ALEXANDER, PATRICK
WAYZATA, MN
55391
Cold Spring Granite/Ceo$2,500 P03/31/2011
BIDDLE, ROYCE
KALAMAZOO, MI
49009
Premier Radiology/Medical Doctor$2,500 P03/31/2011
BOWDISH, NICHOLAS
CARROLL, IA
51401
Platinum Ethanol/Gm$2,500 G03/31/2011
BOWDISH, NICHOLAS
CARROLL, IA
51401
Platinum Ethanol/Gm$2,500 P03/31/2011
CORRIGAN, FRITZ W
CAREFREE, AZ
85377
None/Retired$2,500 P03/31/2011
CORRIGAN, FRITZ W
CAREFREE, AZ
85377
None/Retired$2,500 G03/31/2011
CORRIGAN, GLENDA K
CAREFREE, AZ
85377
None/Retired$2,500 G03/31/2011
CORRIGAN, GLENDA K
CAREFREE, AZ
85377
None/Retired$2,500 P03/31/2011
FAGEN, DIANE
GRANITE FALLS, MN
56241
Fagen Inc/Secretary/Treasurer$2,500 G03/31/2011
FAGEN, DIANE
GRANITE FALLS, MN
56241
Fagen Inc/Secretary/Treasurer$2,500 P03/31/2011
FAGEN, RON
GRANITE FALLS, MN
56241
Fagen, Inc./President/Ceo$2,500 P03/31/2011
FAGEN, RON
GRANITE FALLS, MN
56241
Fagen, Inc./President/Ceo$2,500 G03/31/2011
KOONTZ, DEAN
NEWPORT COAST, CA
92657
Self-Employed/Writer$2,500 P03/31/2011
KOONTZ, DEAN
NEWPORT COAST, CA
92657
Self-Employed/Writer$2,500 G03/31/2011
ULRICH, ROBERT
EDINA, MN
55436
None/Retired$2,500 G03/31/2011
ULRICH, ROBERT
EDINA, MN
55436
None/Retired$2,500 P03/31/2011
WEBER, SCOTT
MINNEAPOLIS, MN
55416
Self-Employed/Investor$2,500 P04/01/2011
PULLES, GREGORY
PLYMOUTH, MN
55446
Tcf, Inc./Executive$2,500 P04/06/2011
OLSCHEWSKI, WILFRED
PALM SPRINGS, FL
33461
Retired/Retired$2,500 P04/22/2011
VALENTE, CLAUDIA
SPRINGFIELD, VA
22151
None/Homemaker$2,500 P05/02/2011
OREN, BEVERLY
ROSEVILLE, MN
55113
Dart Transit/Executive$2,500 G05/03/2011
OREN, BEVERLY
ROSEVILLE, MN
55113
Dart Transit/Executive$2,500 P05/03/2011
COLLINS, DUANE
NAPLES, FL
34110
None/Retired$2,500 P05/09/2011
HORNE, JOHN
PONTE VEDRA, FL
32082
None/Retired$2,500 P05/26/2011
GLENN, JERRY
SOUTHGATE, KY
41071
None/Retired$2,500 P05/31/2011
LEVENS, CHARLES
WATER VALLEY, TX
76958
Self Employed/Oil Producer$2,500 P05/31/2011
IVERSEN, ALFRED
WAYZATA, MN
55391
Pmt Cabs/Executive$2,500 P06/01/2011
IVERSEN, ALFRED
WAYZATA, MN
55391
Pmt Cabs/Executive$2,500 G06/01/2011
GULBRANSON, MATT
PRESTON, MN
55965
Self/Farmer$2,500 P06/07/2011
COUGHLIN, MICHAEL
MISSION HILLS, KS
66208
Scriptpro/Ceo$2,500 G06/11/2011
COUGHLIN, MICHAEL
MISSION HILLS, KS
66208
Scriptpro/Ceo$2,500 P06/11/2011
JAGGERS, KURT
PORTOLA VALLEY, CA
94028
Ta Associates/Investor$2,500 P06/13/2011
MCVANEY, CAROLE
LITTLETON, CO
80120
None/Retired$2,500 P06/13/2011
MCVANEY, CAROLE
LITTLETON, CO
80120
None/Retired$2,500 P06/13/2011
HELMERICH, WALTER
TULSA, OK
74114
Information Requested$2,500 P06/17/2011
MINNIS, RITA
MILPITAS, CA
95035
Milpits Materials/Manager$2,500 P06/17/2011
MINNIS, RITA
MILPITAS, CA
95035
Milpits Materials/Manager$2,500 P06/17/2011
MEYERS, CINDY
BEAUMONT, TX
77708
None/Retired$2,500 P06/20/2011
UIHLEIN, ELIZABETH
LAKE FOREST, IL
60045
None/Retired$2,500 P06/22/2011
BOWERS, GUY
RUIDOSO, NM
88355
Self/Investor$2,500 P06/24/2011
SHEETZ, ROBERT
BOCA RATON, FL
33432
None/Retired$2,500 P07/05/2011
HELMS, GEORGE
REDFORD, MI
48239
Advance Engineering Company/Ceo$2,500 P02/04/2012
SMEAD, LARRY
FALLS VILLAGE, CT
06031
Sasco/Ceo$2,500 P02/04/2012
NORRIS, GENA
NAVASOTA, TX
77868
None/Retired$2,500 P02/09/2012
LEE, RICHARD
ORLANDO, FL
32802
Famlee Investment Co/Ceo$2,500 P02/14/2012
BRODSKY, BERT
PORT WASHINGTON, NY
11050
Sandata Technologies, Llc/Chairman$2,500 P02/16/2012
BUNN, DANIEL R R
RANCHO SANTA FE, CA
92067
Carbun Concepts, Inc./Business Consultant$2,500 P02/18/2012
BUNN, DANIEL R R
RANCHO SANTA FE, CA
92067
Carbun Concepts, Inc./Business Consultant$2,500 P02/18/2012
KROLL, MARK
CRYSTAL BAY, MN
55323
St Jude Medical/Consultant$2,500 P02/21/2012
KROLL, MARK
CRYSTAL BAY, MN
55323
St Jude Medical/Consultant$2,500 G02/21/2012
COSSACK, STEVE
VADNAIS HEIGHTS, MN
55110
Timberland Transporation/Owner$2,500 P02/23/2012
WETHERILL, CORTRIGHT
DEVON, PA
19333
Cwii Holdings/Private Investor$2,500 P03/13/2012
BOWERS, GUY M
RUIDOSO, NM
88355
None/Retired$2,500 G03/14/2012
BACHMAN, NATHAN
CINCINNATI, OH
45243
Bachman Group/Financial Advisor$2,500 P03/15/2012
SCAIFE, COLEEN
PITTSBURGH, PA
15219
Budget Blinds/Consultant$2,500 P03/20/2012
ANDERSON, ROLLIE
SAINT CLOUD, MN
56301
Anderson Trucking Services/President$2,500 P03/27/2012
ANDERSON, ROLLIE
SAINT CLOUD, MN
56301
Anderson Trucking Services/President$2,500 G03/27/2012
HARVELL, JIMMY
ANDERSON, SC
29625
Airtran Airways/Pilot$2,500 P03/30/2012
LARSON, VERN III
MARINE ON SAINT CR, MN
55047
Mohawk Moving & Storage Col./Business Owner$2,500 P04/11/2012
HANNA, COLIN
WEST CHESTER, PA
19382
Let Freedom Ring/Consultant$2,500 G04/12/2012
NORRIS, GENA
NAVASOTA, TX
77868
Self-Employed/Business Owner$2,500 G04/13/2012
WHITFIELD, SHAN
MARKHAM, IL
60428
Retired/Retired$2,500 P04/17/2012
GATES, ALONZO
SAN ANTONIO, TX
78230
None/Retired$2,500 P04/25/2012
HARRIS, JAY
DENTON, TX
76205
Self/Hospice$2,500 P05/01/2012
HARRIS, JAY
DENTON, TX
76205
Self/Hospice$2,500 G05/02/2012
DRISCOLL, JOHN
SAINT PAUL, MN
55118
None/Retired$2,500 P05/03/2012
SEKULOW, JAY
VIRGINIA BEACH, VA
23451
Clag/Attorney$2,500 P05/04/2012
SEKULOW, JAY
VIRGINIA BEACH, VA
23451
Clag/Attorney$2,500 G05/04/2012
CAVENEY, JACK E.
NORTH PALM BEACH, FL
33408
Retired/None$2,500 P05/07/2012
CAVENEY, MARGARET C.
NORTH PALM BEACH, FL
33408
Retired/Retired$2,500 P05/07/2012
LOWENTHAL, ELIZABETH
COLUMBIANA, AL
35051
Self/Physician$2,500 P05/08/2012
WEBER, SCOTT M.
MINNEAPOLIS, MN
55416
None/Retired$2,500 G05/11/2012
SCAIFE, COLEEN
PITTSBURGH, PA
15219
Budget Blinds/Consultant$2,500 G05/15/2012
ANDERSON, KATHARINE
NAPLES, FL
34102
None/Homemaker$2,500 G05/18/2012
ANDERSON, KATHARINE
NAPLES, FL
34102
None/Homemaker$2,500 P05/18/2012
ANDERSON, LEE
NAPLES, FL
34102
Api Group, Inc./Owner$2,500 P05/18/2012
ANDERSON, LEE
NAPLES, FL
34102
Api Group, Inc./Owner$2,500 G05/18/2012
HANSON, JOHN
AVON, CO
81620
Retired/None$2,500 P05/18/2012
OVERTON, JEFFREY
SUFFOLK, VA
23435
None/Retied$2,500 G05/18/2012
OVERTON, JEFFREY
SUFFOLK, VA
23435
None/Retied$2,500 P05/18/2012
STOKER, RICHARD
MIAMI BEACH, FL
33141
Retired/Retired$2,500 P05/18/2012
WISKEMANN, ELIZABETH
SAN RAFAEL, CA
94901
None/Homemaker$2,500 P05/18/2012
FELIX, ARNOLD
ELLICOTT CITY, MD
21042
Keeper Tech/Solutions Consultant$2,500 P05/25/2012
MEXXALIAGNA, DANIEL N.
NAPLES, FL
34108
None/Retired$2,500 P06/07/2012
RINKEL, BRUCE
SAINT PAUL, MN
55119
None/Retired$2,500 G06/07/2012
HAIRE, LUCRETIA
STILLWATER, MN
55082
Self/None$2,500 P06/08/2012
KATZ, JACQUELINE
LAS VEGAS, NV
89134
Worker/Homemaker$2,500 G06/08/2012
KATZ, JACQUELINE
LAS VEGAS, NV
89134
Worker/Homemaker$2,500 P06/08/2012
VLOCK, MICHAEL K
BRANFORD, CT
06405
Self-Employed/Investor$2,500 P06/08/2012
VLOCK, MICHAEL K
BRANFORD, CT
06405
Self-Employed/Investor$2,500 G06/08/2012
ANDERSON, BARBARA
MINNEAPOLIS, MN
55407
None/Homemaker$2,500 P06/15/2012
ANDERSON, BARBARA
MINNEAPOLIS, MN
55407
None/Homemaker$2,500 G06/15/2012
HOFFMASTER, WESLEY W.
WHITTIER, CA
90601
Usda Forest Service/Engineer$2,500 P06/15/2012
WALTER, DAVID
COPPELL, TX
75019
None/Retired$2,500 P06/20/2012
TRICOU, JOHN C
TINLEY PARK, IL
60477
Self Employed/Physician$2,500 P06/22/2012
BAUKOL, RONALD
MAHTOMEDI, MN
55115
None/Retired$2,500 G06/26/2012
BAUKOL, RONALD
MAHTOMEDI, MN
55115
None/Retired$2,500 P06/26/2012
RUST, ROBERT
CORAL GABLES, FL
33146
Retired/Retired$2,500 P07/02/2012
ASLANIDES, JIM
COSHOCTON, OH
43812
Mfc Drilling Co./President$2,500 P07/05/2012
BLACKENBECLER, MICHAEL
POWELL, OH
43065
Information Requested/Information Requested$2,500 P07/05/2012
BLACKENBECLER, MICHAEL
POWELL, OH
43065
Information Requested/Information Requested$2,500 G07/05/2012
CLARK, ELLOINE
DALLAS, TX
75219
None/Retired$2,500 P07/05/2012
CLARK, ELLOINE
DALLAS, TX
75219
None/Retired$2,500 G07/05/2012
OREN, DONALD
ROSEVILLE, MN
55113
Dart Transit/Chairman$2,500 G07/05/2012
OREN, DONALD
ROSEVILLE, MN
55113
Dart Transit/Chairman$2,500 P07/05/2012
THOMPSON, JEAN
MOUNTAIN BRK, AL
35213
None/Homemaker$2,500 P07/05/2012
WHITE, MICHELE
DUBLIN, OH
43017
None/Homemaker$2,500 P07/05/2012
WINCHESTER, ELSIE
BOYNTON BEACH, FL
33436
Self/Farmer$2,500 G07/05/2012
WISKEMANN, ELIZABETH
SAN RAFAEL, CA
94901
None/Homemaker$2,500 G07/06/2012
KOONTZ, GERDA
NEWPORT COAST, CA
92657
None/Homemaker$2,500 G07/13/2012
KOONTZ, GERDA
NEWPORT COAST, CA
92657
None/Homemaker$2,500 P07/13/2012
QUESTROM, ALLEN
DALLAS, TX
75204
None/Retired$2,500 P07/13/2012
STORY, JANEY
COMMERCE, TX
75428
Information Requested/Information Requested$2,500 G07/13/2012
STORY, JANEY
COMMERCE, TX
75428
Information Requested/Information Requested$2,500 P07/13/2012
STORY, THERRAL
MAGNOLIA, AR
71754
Therral Story Operating/Owner$2,500 G07/13/2012
STORY, THERRAL
MAGNOLIA, AR
71754
Therral Story Operating/Owner$2,500 P07/13/2012
STOKER, RICHARD
MIAMI BEACH, FL
33141
Retired/Retired$2,500 G07/17/2012
ANDERSON, BARBARA
PHOENIX, AZ
85016
Retired/Retired$2,500 P07/18/2012
BERRY, ROBERT
HOUSTON, TX
77056
Jones Lang Lasalle/Commercial Real Estate Broker$2,500 P07/19/2012

Search

Contributors:
   Individual's Name
   Employer
   Occupation
   City
   County
   Zip Code
   State
Candidates:
   Name
   Party
   State
Committees (PACs):
   Name
   Category
"527" Organizations:
   Organizations
   Contributors by Name
   Contributors by Zip
Lobbyists:
   Name
   Client

Directories

   Top $$$ Contributors
   Contributions by Zip
   Candidates by State
   Committees (PACs)
   527 Organizations

Reports

Celebrity Contributors:
   Aaron Sorkin
   Andrew Fastow
   Arnold Palmer
   Arnold Schwarzenegger
   Ben Affleck
   Bill Cosby
   Bill Gates
   Calvin Klein
   Dennis Kozlowski
   Donald Trump
   George Soros
   Hugh Hefner
   Jack Grubman
   Jeff Skilling
   John Grisham
   John Rigas
   Ken Lay
   Martha Stewart
   Mel Gibson
   Oprah Winfrey
   Ralph Lauren
   Donald Trump
   Richard Scrushy
   Rush Limbaugh
   Sam Waksal
   Scott Sullivan
   Steven Spielberg
   Tom Cruise
   Tommy Hilfiger
Industry Contributors:
   CEO/Chief Executives
   College Professors
   Journalists/Reporters
   Trial Lawyers
   Golf Professionals
   Poker Professionals
   Mortgage Brokers
   Futures Brokers
   Stock Brokers
   Options Brokers
   Life Insurance
   Health Insurance
   Auto Insurance
   Securities Lawyers
   Boats & Yachts
   Defense Contracts
   Nonprofits
   Aircraft
Baseball Contributors:
   New York Yankees
   Boston Red Sox
   Chicago Cubs
Notable Politicians:
   Barack Obama
   George W Bush
   John Kerry
   Ralph Nader
   Hillary Clinton
Companies:
   Microsoft
   CNN
   Apple Computer
   New York Times
   News Corporation
   Nike
   Halliburton
   General Electric
   Exxon Mobil
   Ford Motor
   Anheuser Busch
Top 10 Contributors:
   Thomas Steyer
   Linda Mcmahon
   Sheldon Adelson
   Miriam Adelson
   Bob Perry
   Michael Bloomberg
   Harold Simmons
   Fred Eychaner
   J Ricketts
   John Raese