Republicans Donald Trump Democrats Congress
  See $$$ From Your Zip Code $10,618,476,973 in Contributions for 2020 Election
Home | Money Search | Top 25 Candidates | Election News | About
Data Updated on 7/11/2020

Richfield, OH 44286
Political Campaign Contributions
2010 Election Cycle

Zip Code Totals

Download All Contribution Records
From this Zip Code for 2010
To a Spreadsheet or Other File Type
Election
Year
Total
Money
Money
To
Democrats
Money
To
Republicans
2020 $246,436 $25,916
(%11)
$33,012
(%13)
2018 $355,385 $137,559
(%39)
$52,844
(%15)
2016 $259,785 $74,936
(%29)
$51,117
(%20)
2014 $100,395 $26,350
(%26)
$32,400
(%32)
2012 $153,150 $69,611
(%45)
$52,050
(%34)
2010 $140,602 $52,562
(%37)
$44,450
(%32)
2008 $155,055 $53,850
(%35)
$48,595
(%31)
2006 $98,701 $49,000
(%50)
$33,451
(%34)
2004 $98,135 $25,750
(%26)
$58,080
(%59)
2002 $27,262 $8,150
(%30)
$10,462
(%38)
2000 $58,916 $12,500
(%21)
$17,626
(%30)

Download All Contribution Records From this Zip Code for 2010
To a Spreadsheet or Other File Type

2010 Election Cycle
Political Campaign Donor/Contributor List

NameEmployer/
Occupation
$ AmountDatePrimary/
General
Contibuted To
Ahmann, John Pediatrix Medical Group of OH/Neona$1,500 03/30/2010P MEDNAX, INC. FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
Azzolina, David Universal American Corp./EVP & CFO,$2,000 09/29/2010P UNIVERSAL AMERICAN CORP. PAC
Azzolina, David Universal American Corp./CFO, Part$1,000 01/15/2010P UNIVERSAL AMERICAN CORP. PAC
BETTINGER, TERI N/A/HOMEMAKER$2,400 01/28/2010P PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
BETTINGER, TERI N/A/HOMEMAKER$2,400 01/28/2010G PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
BETTINGER, WALT THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORP./CEO & PRES$2,400 01/28/2010P PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
BETTINGER, WALT THE CHARLES SCHWAB CORP./CEO & PRES$2,400 01/28/2010G PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
Biggar, James M. Mr. Self-Employed/Self-Employed$200 03/23/2009P REPUBLICAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE - Republican
BLAKELY, MARK J MATHESON TRI-GAS/VICE PRESIDENT$300 12/16/2009P FRIENDS OF KELLY AYOTTE - Republican
BLAKELY, MARK J. MATHESON TRIGAS/VICE PRESIDENT$300 02/24/2010P ORRINPAC
Booth, Jenine Cirrus Holdings LLC/Owner$1,000 06/29/2010G GIBBS FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Booth, Jenine Cirrus Holdings LLC/Owner$2,400 09/29/2009P GIBBS FOR CONGRESS - Republican
BOOTH, JENINE M $500 03/17/2010P PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
Booth, Thomas Cirrus Holdings LLC/Owner$2,400 09/29/2009G GIBBS FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Booth, Thomas G Bill Hawk Inc/Contractor$1,000 10/27/2010G JIM RENACCI FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Braun, John Jr. Tri Ad Graphics/Owner$250 09/13/2010G JIM RENACCI FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Brigeman, Ben Charles Schwab & Company/Executive$2,500 04/28/2009P CHARLES SCHWAB CORPORATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 12/02/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 10/19/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 09/02/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 07/22/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 07/01/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 06/17/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 05/27/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$250 05/06/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$200 04/21/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BROOKS, MARTHA J N/A/RETIRED TEACHER$250 03/04/2009P LYNDON LAROUCHE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Democrat
BRUTZ, JOHN THE BRUTZ GROUP/CONSULTANT$1,000 07/21/2010G FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
BRUTZ, JOHN THE BRUTZ GROUP/CONSULTANT$1,000 09/30/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
BRUTZ, JOHN L THE BRUTZ GROUP/CONSULTANT$500 06/18/2010P DEMOCRATIC SENATORIAL CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE - Democrat
BUDISH, ARMOND D OHIO HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES/SPEAK$1,000 03/31/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
Butler, Thomas J. Pediatrix Medical Group of OH/Neona$1,500 03/30/2010P MEDNAX, INC. FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
CAVALIER, LYNNETTE M FIRSTENERGY/SENIOR VP, HUMAN RESOUR$2,400 08/09/2010P MANCHIN FOR WEST VIRGINIA - Democrat
Cavalier, Lynnette M FirstEnergy/SVP, Human Resources$384 04/30/2009P FIRSTENERGY CORP. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
CAVALIER, LYNNETTE M. MS. FIRST ENERGY/EXECUTIVE$3,000 09/02/2010P BOEHNER FOR SPEAKER COMMITTEE - Republican
Chassan Kanfer, Pamela Gojo Industries/Administrator$2,400 04/16/2010P BETTY SUTTON FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Chassan Kanfer, Pamela Gojo Industries/Administrator$2,400 04/16/2010G BETTY SUTTON FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Cummings, Jennifer E. M.D., F.A. Akron General Medical Center/ELECTR$500 05/11/2009P AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
DiCarlo, Dean F. Best Effort/Best Effort$250 10/27/2010P OHIO DEMOCRATIC PARTY - Democrat
FEDOROVICH, RICHARD C BOBER, MARKEY, FEDOROVICH & CO/CPA$250 05/17/2010G FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
Fedorovich, Richard C. Bober, Markey, Fedorovich & Co./Man$500 05/04/2010P TIM RYAN FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Fedorovich, Richard C. CPA Bober, Markey, Fedorovich/Managing$1,000 09/14/2010G BETTY SUTTON FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Ferguson, Benjamin Bendon Publishing Internationa/Owne$1,000 11/20/2009P COMMITTEE TO ELECT MATT MILLER - Republican
Fink, John Alan Dr. Akron Vascular Associates Inc/Docto$250 11/18/2009P OHIO STATE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE (OSMAPAC)
Forkin, Timothy Eagle National Bank, Mortgage Divis$500 05/19/2010P MORTGAGE BANKERS ASSOCIATION POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Unknown
Foster, Richard Gie Media, Inc./Ceo Publisher$500 10/26/2010G BACHMANN FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Foster, Richard GIE Media, Inc./Owner$250 10/05/2010P WESTERN REPRESENTATION PAC
Foster, Richard Gie Media, Inc./Ceo Publisher$1,000 09/28/2010G BACHMANN FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Foster, Richard Gie Media, Inc./Ceo Publisher$500 09/09/2010G BACHMANN FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Foster, Richard GIE Media, Inc./Owner$250 09/06/2010P WESTERN REPRESENTATION PAC
FOSTER, RICHARD GIE MEDIA, INC./CEO$1,000 03/22/2010P OUR COUNTRY DESERVES BETTER PAC - TEAPARTYEXPRESS.ORG
Foster, Richard GIE Media, Inc./CEO$250 10/22/2009P GOOOH NATIONAL COMMITTEE
Foster, Richard JW Mr. GIE Media/Owner$500 08/05/2010P OHIO REPUBLICAN PARTY STATE CENTRAL & EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE - Republican
GAINES, BENNETT L. MR. FIRST ENERGY/EXECUTIVE$600 09/02/2010P BOEHNER FOR SPEAKER COMMITTEE - Republican
GOLDFARB, MARK SALTZ SHAMIS & GOLDFARB/MANAGING DI$250 08/31/2010G FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
GOLDFARB, MARK SALTZ SHAMIS & GOLDFARB/MANAGING DI$250 06/05/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
GORDON, TERRY A RETIRED/CARDIOLOGIST$250 03/31/2010P FRIENDS OF SHERROD BROWN - Democrat
Gordon, Terry A N/A/Retired$250 06/29/2009P BETTY SUTTON FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Gordon, Terry A. N/A/Retired$250 08/05/2010G BETTY SUTTON FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Gordon, Terry A. N/A/Retired$447 07/12/2010G BETTY SUTTON FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Grigg, Richard R FirstEnergy/EVP & COO$384 04/30/2009P FIRSTENERGY CORP. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
GUNNING, RICHARD S N GHOUBRIAL MD, INC/PHYSICIAN$500 01/13/2010G SCOTT BROWN FOR US SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
HLAVIN, WILLIAM J BASS ENERGY, INC./PRESIDENT & EXPLO$1,000 03/17/2010P PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
Hutchinson, Joseph Baker & Hostetler/Attorney$600 04/09/2010P BAKER & HOSTETLER POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
Hutchinson, Joseph Baker & Hostetler/Attorney$800 07/16/2009P BAKER & HOSTETLER POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
HUTCHINSON, JOSEPH F BAKER & HOSTETLER/PARTNER$300 10/26/2009P PORTMAN VICTORY COMMITTEE - Republican
Jacobs, Joyce L none/Retired$250 09/13/2009P JOE WILSON FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE - Republican
Kaforey, Neal A Kaiser Permanente Emerg/Emergency P$500 09/14/2010P NATIONAL EMERGENCY MEDICINE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
Kahoe, Michael E. Retired/Retired$500 09/28/2010G TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican
KANFER, JOSEPH S GOJO INDUSTRIES, INC./CEO$2,400 03/12/2009G FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
KANFER, JOSEPH S GOJO INDUSTRIES, INC./CEO$2,400 02/23/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
Kanfer, Joseph S. GOJO Industries, Inc./President$5,000 10/12/2010P AMERICA WORKS PAC
Kanfer, Joseph S. GOJO Industries, Inc./President$5,000 09/28/2009P AMERICA WORKS PAC
Kanfer, Joseph S. Go-Jo Industries/President$2,400 09/12/2009P TIM RYAN FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Kanfer, Pam Not Employed/Homemaker$5,000 10/12/2010P AMERICA WORKS PAC
Kanfer, Pam Not Employed/Homemaker$5,000 09/28/2009P AMERICA WORKS PAC
Kanfer, Pam GOJO INDUSTRIES/Board Chair$2,400 05/14/2009G BOCCIERI FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Kanfer, Pam GOJO INDUSTRIES/Board Chair$2,400 05/14/2009P BOCCIERI FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
KANFER, PAM LIPPMAN DAY SCHOOL/TEACHER$2,400 03/12/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
KANFER, PAM LIPPMAN DAY SCHOOL/TEACHER$2,400 03/12/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
Kanfer, Pamela E. GOJO/Administrator$2,400 05/04/2010P TIM RYAN FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
Karas, Arthur Karas Enterprises Inc/President$1,000 09/28/2010G ZACK SPACE FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE - Democrat
Karas, Arthur Karas Enterprises Inc/President$1,000 10/29/2009P OHIO VICTORY FUND - Democrat
Karas, Arthur Karas Enterprises Inc/President$1,000 06/30/2009P ZACK SPACE FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE - Democrat
KIMATIAN, STEPHEN CLEVELAND CLINIC/ANESTHESIOLOGIST$500 10/16/2010P AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
KIMATIAN, STEPHEN CLEVELAND CLINIC ANESTHESIOLOGY/ASS$500 10/17/2009P AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
Kokomoor, Frank Pediatrix Medical Group of OH/Neona$1,500 03/30/2010P MEDNAX, INC. FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
LaRose, James HOUSE OF LAROSE/EXECUTIVE$1,500 05/24/2010G LATOURETTE FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE - Republican
LaRose, James HOUSE OF LAROSE/EXECUTIVE$1,000 06/24/2009P LATOURETTE FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE - Republican
LaRose, James P. Mr. House of LaRose/President$1,500 08/13/2010P OHIO REPUBLICAN PARTY STATE CENTRAL & EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE - Republican
Lizanich, Nicholas J FirstEnergy/VP, Asset Oversight$232 04/30/2009P FIRSTENERGY CORP. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
Malson, J Ellen N/A/Homemaker$500 07/12/2010G BETTY SUTTON FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
McClellan, Stephen R. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co./Presiden$500 02/23/2010P TIM RYAN FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
McPeake, Stephen Northcoast Center/Executive Directo$500 03/12/2009P OHIO PROVIDER RESOURCE ASSOCIATION PAC
Miller, Karl Upp Technology Inc/Computer Program$340 06/07/2010P DNC SERVICES CORPORATION/DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE - Democrat
Miller, Karl Upp Tech/Programmer$225 05/08/2009P DNC SERVICES CORPORATION/DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE - Democrat
NAYMON, WALTER S AND N, INC./OWNER$250 08/26/2010P OHIO SENATE 2010 - Democrat
Ottobre Booth, Jenine M. Infinity Partners, LLC/Vice Preside$200 10/28/2010G TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Ottobre Booth, Jenine M. Infinity Partners, LLC/Vice Preside$200 09/28/2010G TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Ottobre Booth, Jenine M. Infinity Partners, LLC/Vice Preside$2,000 09/28/2010P TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Ottobre Booth, Jenine M. Infinity Partners, LLC/Vice Preside$2,000 06/08/2010G TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Ottobre, Jenine M. Ms. Cirrus Holdings L.L.C./Vice Preside$500 02/24/2009P REPUBLICAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE - Republican
PADDOCK, DON MR RETIRED/RETIRED$200 10/18/2010G FRIENDS OF CHRISTINE O'DONNELL - Republican
PADDOCK, DONALD RETIRED$300 12/31/2010G FRIENDS OF SHARRON ANGLE - Republican
Pearson, James F FirstEnergy/VP & Treasurer$240 04/30/2009P FIRSTENERGY CORP. POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
PEARSON, JAMES F. MR. FIRST ENERGY/EXECUTIVE$600 09/02/2010P BOEHNER FOR SPEAKER COMMITTEE - Republican
PEASE, JOSEPH V PEASE & ASSOCIATES/PRESIDENT$1,000 04/14/2010P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
Rudicil, Rhonda JR Resources, Inc/President$500 06/23/2010G GIBBS FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Rudicil, Rhonda JR Resources, Inc/President$1,000 09/25/2009G GIBBS FOR CONGRESS - Republican
RUDICIL, RHONDA M $500 03/17/2010P PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
Rudicil, Rhonda M. JR Resources/President$250 09/13/2010G TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Schnell, Edward J Mr. InfoAccess.net/Ceo/Owner$1,000 07/10/2010G PETER J CORRIGAN FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE - Republican
Schweikert, Robert A. M.D., F.A. Akron General Medical Center/ELECTR$500 05/27/2010P AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
Schweikert, Robert A. M.D., F.A. Akron General Medical Center/ELECTR$500 08/14/2009P AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
Scott Jr, Moorman L The Euclid Chemical Company/Preside$500 08/09/2010P RPM INTERNAITONAL INC MANUFACTURING IN AMERICA PAC, DBA RPM MANUFACTURING IN AMERICA PAC
Scott Jr, Moorman L The Euclid Chemical Company/Preside$1,000 08/13/2009P RPM INTERNAITONAL INC MANUFACTURING IN AMERICA PAC, DBA RPM MANUFACTURING IN AMERICA PAC
SCOTT, MOORMAN L JR THE EUCLID CHEMICAL COMPANY/MANAGEM$500 09/29/2009P PORTMAN VICTORY COMMITTEE - Republican
Shadding, Fred Cyber City Teleservices/Sr VP$600 10/06/2009P AMERICAN TELESERVICES ASSOCIATION PAC
SHAIKH, SULIA AHMAD $1,000 10/17/2010P FRIENDS OF SHERROD BROWN - Democrat
Stein, Carmie $1,000 01/11/2010 TED DEUTCH FOR CONGRESS COMMITTEE - Democrat
STEIN, CARMIE N/A/HOMEMAKER$1,000 12/03/2009P PORTMAN FOR SENATE COMMITTEE - Republican
Swettenham, Phillip Westfield Management/Executive$200 12/17/2010P WESTFIELD EMPLOYEE FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE OF OHIO FARMERS INSURANCE COMPANY
Swettenham, Phillip Westfield Management/Executive$400 11/19/2010P WESTFIELD EMPLOYEE FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE OF OHIO FARMERS INSURANCE COMPANY
Swettenham, Phillip Westfield Management/Executive$450 06/19/2009P WESTFIELD EMPLOYEE FEDERAL POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE OF OHIO FARMERS INSURANCE COMPANY
TYRRELL, DIANE COLLABORX/CONSULTANT$1,000 09/28/2010P ACTBLUE
TYRRELL, DIANE M COLLABORX/CONSULTANT$1,000 09/28/2010G FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
TYRRELL, DIANE M COLLABORX/MANAGING PARTNER$2,400 03/19/2010P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
TYRRELL, THOMAS COLLABORX/MANAGING PARTNER$2,250 06/30/2010G FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
TYRRELL, THOMAS COLLABORX/MANAGING PARTNER$2,150 11/11/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
TYRRELL, THOMAS GLENGARY MANAGEMENT/MANAGING DIRECT$250 03/20/2009P FISHER FOR OHIO - Democrat
White, John C. Dr. Self-Employed/Orthodontist$250 07/30/2010P AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORTHODONTISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
White, John C. Dr. Self-Employed/Orthodontist$250 07/09/2009P AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORTHODONTISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
WILLEN, BRADLEY CKQ CORP/EXECUTIVE$1,000 08/19/2009P FRIENDS OF SHERROD BROWN - Democrat
Zeitler, Louie Retired/Retired$400 10/28/2010G TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican
Zeitler, Louie Retired/Retired$2,000 06/30/2010G TOM GANLEY FOR CONGRESS - Republican

Search

Contributors:
   Individual's Name
   Employer
   Occupation
   City
   County
   Zip Code
   State
Candidates:
   Name
   Party
   State
Committees (PACs):
   Name
   Category
"527" Organizations:
   Organizations
   Contributors by Name
   Contributors by Zip
Lobbyists:
   Name
   Client

Directories

   Top $$$ Contributors
   Contributions by Zip
   Candidates by State
   Committees (PACs)
   527 Organizations

Reports

Celebrity Contributors:
   Aaron Sorkin
   Andrew Fastow
   Arnold Palmer
   Arnold Schwarzenegger
   Ben Affleck
   Bill Cosby
   Bill Gates
   Calvin Klein
   Dennis Kozlowski
   Donald Trump
   George Soros
   Hugh Hefner
   Jack Grubman
   Jeff Skilling
   John Grisham
   John Rigas
   Ken Lay
   Martha Stewart
   Mel Gibson
   Oprah Winfrey
   Ralph Lauren
   Donald Trump
   Richard Scrushy
   Rush Limbaugh
   Sam Waksal
   Scott Sullivan
   Steven Spielberg
   Tom Cruise
   Tommy Hilfiger
Industry Contributors:
   CEO/Chief Executives
   College Professors
   Journalists/Reporters
   Trial Lawyers
   Golf Professionals
   Poker Professionals
   Mortgage Brokers
   Futures Brokers
   Stock Brokers
   Options Brokers
   Life Insurance
   Health Insurance
   Auto Insurance
   Securities Lawyers
   Boats & Yachts
   Defense Contracts
   Nonprofits
   Aircraft
Baseball Contributors:
   New York Yankees
   Boston Red Sox
   Chicago Cubs
Notable Politicians:
   Barack Obama
   George W Bush
   John Kerry
   Ralph Nader
   Hillary Clinton
Companies:
   Microsoft
   CNN
   Apple Computer
   New York Times
   News Corporation
   Nike
   Halliburton
   General Electric
   Exxon Mobil
   Ford Motor
   Anheuser Busch
Top 10 Contributors:
   Thomas Steyer
   Linda Mcmahon
   Sheldon Adelson
   Miriam Adelson
   Bob Perry
   Michael Bloomberg
   Harold Simmons
   Fred Eychaner
   J Ricketts
   John Raese