Michael Dugan
Political Campaign Contributions
2020 Election Cycle

Contribution Totals
Download all contribution records for this person from 1999 to present To a Spreadsheet or Other File Type
2020 Transaction Count/Amount	106/$20,916
2018 Transaction Count/Amount	117/$17,183
2016 Transaction Count/Amount	125/$52,850
2014 Transaction Count/Amount	11/$5,468
2012 Transaction Count/Amount	23/$14,390
2010 Transaction Count/Amount	12/$3,850
2008 Transaction Count/Amount	22/$26,350
2006 Transaction Count/Amount	5/$6,250
2004 Transaction Count/Amount	9/$6,473
2002 Transaction Count/Amount	10/$10,213
2000 Transaction Count/Amount	14/$8,400
Download all contribution records for this person from 1999 to present To a Spreadsheet or Other File Type

Michael Dugan Political Contributions in 2020

Name & Location	Employer/Occupation	Dollar Amount	Date	Primary/ General	Contibuted To
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$20	12/31/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Director	$210	12/31/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$100	12/20/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	12/19/2019	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	12/19/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	12/19/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	12/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	12/05/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Director	$210	11/30/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$20	11/26/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	11/21/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$15	11/21/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	11/19/2019	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	11/19/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	11/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$10	11/09/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$100	11/08/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	11/07/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$25	10/31/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15237	Snyder & Dugan Oral & Maxillof/Snyder & Dugan Oral & Maxillof/Oral Surgeon	$250	10/28/2019	P	AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEONS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$25	10/27/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	10/24/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	10/19/2019	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	10/19/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL F STUART, FL 34996		$1,000	10/18/2019	P	DSCC - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL C DR. MD HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92649	Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Pathologist	$150	10/17/2019	P	COLLEGE OF AMERICAN PATHOLOGISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
DUGAN, MICHAEL C DR. MD HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92649	Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Pathologist	$100	10/17/2019	P	COLLEGE OF AMERICAN PATHOLOGISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	10/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$100	10/10/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	10/10/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Director	$75	09/30/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	09/26/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	09/19/2019	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	09/19/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LAUREL, MD 20707	Freestate Electric/Freestate Electric/Owner	$800	09/18/2019	G	VAN HOLLEN FOR SENATE - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$25	09/18/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LAUREL, MD 20707	Freestate Electric/Freestate Electric/Owner	$1,700	09/18/2019	P	VAN HOLLEN FOR SENATE - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LAUREL, MD 20707	Not Employed/Not Employed/Not Employed	$2,500	09/18/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	09/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	09/12/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL F. LAUREL, MD 20707	Freestate Electric/Freestate Electric/President	$1,000	09/04/2019	P	ANTHONY BROWN FOR CONGRESS - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Director	$75	08/31/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	08/29/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	08/19/2019	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	08/19/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$57	08/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	08/15/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	08/01/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Chief Engineer	$75	07/31/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$20	07/30/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	07/19/2019	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	07/19/2019		ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	07/18/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	07/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL F STUART, FL 34996		$250	07/12/2019	P	DSCC - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	07/03/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Fmc Us/Fmc Us/Chief Engineer - Ve, Truck	$75	06/30/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	06/20/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	06/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	06/06/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Chief Engineer	$75	05/31/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	05/23/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	05/15/2019	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	05/09/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Chief Engineer	$75	04/30/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	04/25/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	04/11/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Fmc Us/Fmc Us/Chief Engineer - Ve, Truck	$75	03/31/2019	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	03/28/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	03/14/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL C DR. MD HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92649	Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Pathologist	$250	03/13/2019	P	COLLEGE OF AMERICAN PATHOLOGISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	02/28/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	02/14/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/31/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL T ENGLEWOOD, CO 80112	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/17/2019	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$100	01/01/1900	P	FRIENDS OF ANDREW YANG - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL DALLAS, TX 75205	Fsmb/Fsmb/Coo	$200	01/01/1900	P	BIDEN FOR PRESIDENT - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Director	$210	01/01/1900	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL LAUREL, MD 20707	N/A/N/A/Not Employed	$2,500	01/01/1900	P	AMY MCGRATH FOR SENATE, INC. - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$100	01/01/1900	P	FRIENDS OF ANDREW YANG - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL HARTFORD, AR 72938	Apac Central/Apac Central/General Manager	$38	01/01/1900	P	CRH AMERICAS, INC. PAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL C DR. MD HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92649	Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Mcdxi Medical Diagnostics, Inc./Pathologist	$250	01/01/1900	P	COLLEGE OF AMERICAN PATHOLOGISTS POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL PITTSBURGH, PA 15205	Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Pittsburgh Bureau Of Fire/Firefighter	$100	01/01/1900	P	FRIENDS OF ANDREW YANG - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$50	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL MR ANN ARBOR, MI 48103	Ford Motor Company/Ford Motor Company/Director	$210	01/01/1900	P	FORD MOTOR COMPANY CIVIC ACTION FUND - Unknown
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$50	01/01/1900	P	ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL DALLAS, TX 75205	Fsmb/Fsmb/Business Operations	$200	01/01/1900	P	ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	BERNIE 2020 - Democrat
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LOUISVILLE, CO 80027	Episerver Inc./Episerver Inc./It	$27	01/01/1900	P	ACTBLUE
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL LONG BEACH, CA 90809	Western Overseas Corp./Western Overseas Corp./President	$250	01/01/1900	P	TRANSPORTATION INTERMEDIARIES ASSOCIATION'S TIAPAC
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)
DUGAN, MICHAEL T GERMANTOWN, MD 20876	Echostar/Echostar/Ceo And President - Echostar	$192	01/01/1900	P	ECHOSTAR CORPORATION AND DISH NETWORK CORPORATION PAC (ECHOSTAR DISH NETWORK PAC)